Background of Autophagic Lysosome Reformation
Macroautophagy is a fundamental catabolic and cytoprotective process. During prolonged macroautophagy, sustained autophagosome-lysosome fusion results in the incorporation of most lysosomes into autolysosomes in which cellular debris is degraded. In addition to lysosome biogenesis, lysosomes are essential for the terminal degradation phase of the autophagic pathway. Cells replenish their lysosomal stores through autophagic lysosome reformation (ALR), a process that regenerates lysosomes from autolysosomes in the face of prolonged starvation and other lysosomal depletion. Without ALR, cells would have difficulty adapting to starvation and become more susceptible to cell death. The researchers found that ALR is conserved in several species and can be induced by exogenous hydrogen peroxide, suggesting that ALR is a common mechanism in autophagy. Over the past few years, a series of studies on ALR have led to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms and physiological roles of ALR.
Fig. 1. Major factors involved in autophagosome-lysosome fusion in human somatic cells. (McGrath M J, et al., 2021)
Autophagic Lysosome Reformation Analysis Services
The ALR is the final step in autophagy and is essential for maintaining lysosomal homeostasis during autophagy. Our scientists have made recent advances in the study of the molecular mechanisms of ALR, including the outgrowth of autolysosomal tubular structures, tubular extension and prolysosome formation. At CD BioSciences, we are committed to providing comprehensive analysis of autophagic lysosome reformation service to our global clients to analyze its pathophysiological role.
Our scientists develop customized processes for analysis of autophagic lysosome reformation service.
(1) Identification of Proteins Involved in ALR
We identify molecules that control ALR and lysosomal homeostasis by screening purified autolysosomes for candidates identified by proteomic analysis and subsequent in vitro recombination by autolysosomal tubes, containing lattice proteins, PI(4,5)P2 motor proteins.
(2) Analysis of the Effect of Phospholipids on ALR
We analyze how these phospholipids and their kinases regulate the ALR by advanced techniques such as gene knockout.
(3) In Vitro Reconstruction of the Cannulation Step in the ALR
Based on the components identified in the ALR, we use purification factors to reconstruct the ALR tubular process in vitro.
(4) Physiological Role of ALR
We established a mouse Parkinson's disease (PD) model to analyze the physiological role of the ALR by specific mutation of some key components of the ALR.
Why Choose Us
- Advanced technology platforms, such as microscopy technology, large-scale RNAi and mass spectrometry screens.
- Fully customizable autophagic lysosome reformation analysis services.
- Unique insights into autophagic lysosome reformation from a team of professionals.
- Comprehensive and complete analysis of the specific roles of key components of the entire ALR process, including phospholipid conversion, cargo sorting, autophagic membrane budding, tubule extension, vesicle budding and fission, and prolysosome maturation.
- The functions of scaffolding proteins, enzymes and lipids in the ALR can be analyzed.
CD BioSciences can meet any reasonable needs of our clients, taking time and budget into consideration for you. Our aim is to be customer-centric and to provide the highest quality services to customers. Our customer service representatives are enthusiastic and trustworthy 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. If you are interested in our services, please feel free to contact us for more information or a detailed discussion.
Reference
- McGrath M J, et al. (2021) Defective lysosome reformation during autophagy causes skeletal muscle disease[J]. The Journal of clinical investigation. 131(1).